Martin R F, Bowden D M
Regional Primate Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle 98195, USA.
Neuroimage. 1996 Oct;4(2):119-50. doi: 10.1006/nimg.1996.0036.
A stereotaxic brain atlas of the longtailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis) is presented in a format suitable for use as a template atlas of the macaque brain. It includes most of the brain segmented to show the boundaries of landmark structures such that every point in the brain can be represented by a unique set of coordinates in three-dimensional space and ascribed unambiguously to one and only one primary structure. More than 400 structures are represented, including 360 volumetric structures, which constitute the substance of the brain, and 50 superficial features. To facilitate use with ventriculography, magnetic resonance imaging, and other noninvasive imaging techniques, the stereotaxic space is referenced to internal landmarks, viz., the anterior commissure and posterior commissure; the center of the anterior commissure at the midline is the origin of the stereotaxic axes. Reference of stereotaxis to this bicommissural space facilitates structural comparison with human brain atlases, which are commonly referenced to the biocommissural line. It also facilitates comparison of brains of different nonhuman primate species by providing a template brain against which to compare size and internal variability. Thirty-three coronal sections at 1-mm intervals from the spinomedullary junction to the rostral extreme of the caudate nucleus show most structures of the hindbrain, midbrain, and subcortical forebrain. Separately, four side views and 16 coronal sections show cortical structures. Structures are represented by outlines of their boundaries and labeled according to NeuroNames, a systematic English nomenclature of human and nonhuman primate neuroanatomy. Abbreviations are based on a protocol designed to facilitate cross-species comparisons. Instructions are provided for: (1) locating sites from the Template Atlas in the conventional stereotaxic space of an experimental animal, (2) locating sites identified by conventional stereotaxis in the Template Atlas, and (3) using the Template Atlas to collate, compare, and display image information (e.g., labeled cells, recording sites, stimulation sites, lesions) from multiple animals.
本文呈现了一种适合用作猕猴脑模板图谱的格式的食蟹猴（猕猴属）立体定向脑图谱。它包含了大部分已分割的脑区，以显示标志性结构的边界，这样脑内的每个点都可以由三维空间中的一组唯一坐标表示，并明确地归属到一个且仅一个主要结构。图谱展示了400多个结构，包括360个构成脑实质的体积结构和50个表面特征。为便于与脑室造影、磁共振成像及其他非侵入性成像技术配合使用，立体定向空间以内部标志为参照，即前连合和后连合；前连合在中线处的中心是立体定向轴的原点。将立体定向参照这个双连合空间有助于与人类脑图谱进行结构比较，人类脑图谱通常参照双连合线。它还通过提供一个模板脑来比较大小和内部变异性，从而便于不同非人类灵长类物种脑的比较。从延髓脊髓交界处到尾状核头端每隔1毫米的33个冠状切面展示了后脑、中脑和皮质下前脑的大多数结构。另外，四个侧视图和16个冠状切面展示了皮质结构。结构由其边界轮廓表示，并根据NeuroNames进行标注，NeuroNames是人类和非人类灵长类神经解剖学的系统英文命名法。缩写基于旨在促进跨物种比较的协议。提供了以下方面的说明：(1) 在实验动物的传统立体定向空间中从模板图谱定位位点，(2) 在模板图谱中定位由传统立体定向确定的位点，以及(3) 使用模板图谱整理、比较和显示来自多只动物的图像信息（如标记细胞、记录位点、刺激位点、损伤）。
