Holland P V
Sacramento Medical Foundation Blood Centers, CA 95816-7089, USA.
Transfus Med Rev. 1997 Oct;11(4):274-85.
Informed consent for transfusions presumes that the patient has been "informed," meaning they have been given sufficient information to make an intelligent choice, and that they "consent," meaning that the patient is competent and free to consent. Although this may be oral or written, the latter is preferable for documentation and legal proof. This may either be as a chart note, or form. In any case, the informed transfusion recipient should be given a description of the procedure in lay terms, told of the expected benefit, including the outcome without the transfusion, and what reasonably foreseeable adverse consequences may occur. The individual should have the opportunity to ask questions of the physician performing the informed consent process. There should be time to provide the information and a discussion; and the patient must be able to comprehend all of this. If this process is performed by the physician talking to his/her patient, then, the patient is likely to be informed about, and consent to, elective transfusions. Once obtained and documented, that consent should be presumed to be valid with a course of therapy for transfusions. If some event significantly changes some aspects of the information on which the patient relied in consenting and now should be aware of, then, the patient should again give consent for transfusion, after being informed of this new information.
输血的知情同意意味着患者已得到“告知”，即他们已获得足够信息以做出明智选择，并且他们“同意”，即患者有能力且自愿同意。虽然这可以是口头的或书面的，但后者更适合用于记录和法律证明。这可以是病历记录或表格形式。在任何情况下，都应以通俗易懂的语言向接受输血的患者描述该程序，告知预期益处，包括不输血的后果，以及可能出现的合理可预见的不良后果。个人应有机会向进行知情同意程序的医生提问。应有时间提供信息并进行讨论；并且患者必须能够理解所有这些内容。如果此程序由医生与患者交谈进行，那么，患者很可能会了解并同意择期输血。一旦获得并记录，该同意在输血治疗过程中应被视为有效。如果某些事件显著改变了患者同意时所依赖的某些信息方面，并且现在患者应该知晓，那么，在被告知这些新信息后，患者应再次同意输血。
