Schantz S P, Ostroff J S
Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1997 Nov;216(2):275-82. doi: 10.3181/00379727-216-44178.
Head and neck cancer represents a paradigm for the prevention of environmentally induced diseases. Etiologic factors, including tobacco and alcohol, have been well established. Furthermore, disease development may depend not only upon such exposures but also upon a genetically defined susceptibility to exposure-induced DNA damage. As discussed in this review, the ability to identify etiologic factors, both external and host related, will lead to improved identification of individuals at risk. The development of novel strategies for cancer prevention will be promoted, among which lifestyle alteration will arguably play the most significant role. Therefore, this review places special emphasis on the translation of the understanding of disease into more effective behavioral modification strategies.
头颈癌是预防环境诱发疾病的一个范例。包括烟草和酒精在内的病因已得到充分证实。此外，疾病的发展可能不仅取决于此类暴露，还取决于对暴露诱导的DNA损伤的遗传易感性。如本综述所述，识别外部和宿主相关病因的能力将有助于更好地识别高危个体。这将促进癌症预防新策略的发展，其中生活方式的改变可能起着最重要的作用。因此，本综述特别强调将对疾病的认识转化为更有效的行为改变策略。
