Poupoulis C, Jensen L S
Poult Sci. 1976 Jan;55(1):113-21. doi: 10.3382/ps.0550113.
Six experiments were conducted with male broiler chicks kept in battery brooders to investigate the effects of feeding diets high in copper on the integrity of the gizzard lining. Conventional and corn starch-soy basal diets were used. Slight improvements in body weight gain and/or feed efficiency were observed when the diets were supplemented with 250 p.p.m. copper as as CuSO4-5HSO, but higher levels (500 to 1000 p.p.m.) depressed growth and decreased feed efficiency. Little or no gizzard erosion was seen in birds fed the practical ration without added copper. Gizzard erosion was observed with 250 p.p.m. copper and the severity of the condition increased with higher levels. With the same level of copper supplementation, severity of gizzard erosion was greater when chicks were fed the corn starch-soy diet than when fed the practical diet. Adding 0.5 p.p.m. selenium to the practical diet containing 1000 p.p.m. copper slightly improved the appearance of the gizzard lining, although the subjective scoring index was significantly (P less than 0.05) lower in only one of two experiments. The addition of zinc, vitamin E, and vitamin B12 did not prevent the gizzard damage caused by high copper levels. Severity of gizzard erosion was significantly reduced by adding 0.35% cholic acid to the semipurified diet with 500 p.p.m. copper, but not to the practical diet with 100 p.p.m. copper. There was no correlation between acidity of the gizzard contents and severity of the erosion.
进行了六项实验，用饲养在层架式育雏器中的雄性肉鸡来研究饲喂高铜日粮对砂囊内膜完整性的影响。使用了常规日粮和玉米淀粉 - 大豆基础日粮。当在日粮中添加250 ppm铜（以CuSO₄·5H₂O形式）时，观察到体重增加和/或饲料效率略有提高，但更高水平（500至1000 ppm）会抑制生长并降低饲料效率。在饲喂未添加铜的实用日粮的鸡中，几乎没有看到砂囊糜烂。在添加250 ppm铜的情况下观察到了砂囊糜烂，并且随着铜水平的提高，这种情况的严重程度增加。在铜添加水平相同的情况下，饲喂玉米淀粉 - 大豆日粮的雏鸡的砂囊糜烂严重程度比饲喂实用日粮时更大。在含有1000 ppm铜的实用日粮中添加0.5 ppm硒，虽然在两个实验中只有一个实验的主观评分指数显著（P小于0.05）降低，但砂囊内膜外观略有改善。添加锌、维生素E和维生素B₁₂并不能防止高铜水平引起的砂囊损伤。在含有500 ppm铜的半纯化日粮中添加0.35%胆酸可显著降低砂囊糜烂的严重程度，但在含有100 ppm铜的实用日粮中则不能。砂囊内容物的酸度与糜烂的严重程度之间没有相关性。
