Güntzel O, Bollag U, Helfenstein U
Bundesamt für Gesundheitswesen, Bern-Liebefeld.
Zentralbl Hyg Umweltmed. 1996 May;198(5):383-93.
To see whether effects of air pollutants and other environmental factors on the respiratory tract can be detected by the Swiss sentinel reporting system, two years' data of asthma bronchiale and exacerbation of chronic bronchitis were analyzed. On average, 16 cases of asthma and 9 cases of bronchitis were reported per week. The respective figures expressed as mean percentages of all consultations were 0.12% and 0.065%. Data of SO2, NO2, ozone and total suspended particles were used to measure air pollution. Additionally, meteorologic parameters such as air temperature and atmospheric pressure were used, as well as the appearance of the most important pollen groups in Switzerland: grass, birch tree and mugwort. Environmental data were summarized using the mean or sum of all measuring stations. Autocorrelations in the time series were accounted for statistically. Our analysis could not establish any relationship between reports of asthma or exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and air pollutants or other environmental data. This result, which is partly contradicted by the literature, could be explained by low numbers of reports due to patient's self administration of medication and an imprecise determination of true exposure.
为了探究瑞士哨点报告系统能否检测到空气污染物及其他环境因素对呼吸道的影响，我们分析了两年内支气管哮喘和慢性支气管炎急性加重的数据。平均每周报告16例哮喘病例和9例支气管炎病例。这些病例数分别占所有门诊量的0.12%和0.065%。使用二氧化硫、二氧化氮、臭氧和总悬浮颗粒物的数据来衡量空气污染。此外，还使用了诸如气温和气压等气象参数，以及瑞士最重要的花粉种类（草、桦树和艾蒿）的出现情况。环境数据通过所有测量站的平均值或总和进行汇总。对时间序列中的自相关性进行了统计处理。我们的分析未能确定哮喘报告或慢性支气管炎急性加重与空气污染物或其他环境数据之间存在任何关系。这一结果与文献部分相悖，原因可能是患者自行用药导致报告数量较少，以及真实暴露情况的测定不够精确。
