长效β2受体激动剂。在基层医疗哮喘治疗中的作用。
Long-acting beta 2-agonists. Role in primary care asthma treatment.
作者信息
D'Urzo A D
机构信息
Primary Care Asthma Clinic, Toronto, ON.
出版信息
Can Fam Physician. 1997 Oct;43:1773-7.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the efficacy of long-acting beta 2-agonists and their role in primary care asthma management and to review briefly the pharmacology of these agents.
QUALITY OF EVIDENCE
Most data presented were derived from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. Studies were selected for relevance to asthma management in primary care.
MAIN FINDINGS
Long-acting beta 2-agonist use is associated with improvements in both objective and subjective measures of asthma control. At present no evidence suggests that long-acting beta 2-agonists have anti-inflammatory potential. While salmeterol has a longer duration of action than short-acting beta 2-agonists, its onset of action is slower. Salmeterol and formoterol, therefore, should not be used for relief of acute bronchospasm.
CONCLUSION
Long-acting beta 2-agonists could be useful for treating asthma in primary care, particularly for controlling symptoms of nocturnal asthma and exercise-induced asthma and for providing convenient maintenance therapy for patients who require regular use of short-acting beta 2-agonists despite concomitant use of optimal doses of inhaled anti-inflammatory medication.
目的
研究长效β2受体激动剂的疗效及其在基层医疗中哮喘管理的作用，并简要回顾这些药物的药理学。
证据质量
所呈现的大多数数据来自随机、双盲、安慰剂对照试验。所选研究与基层医疗中的哮喘管理相关。
主要发现
使用长效β2受体激动剂可改善哮喘控制的客观和主观指标。目前没有证据表明长效β2受体激动剂具有抗炎潜力。虽然沙美特罗的作用持续时间比短效β2受体激动剂长，但其起效较慢。因此，沙美特罗和福莫特罗不应用于缓解急性支气管痉挛。
结论
长效β2受体激动剂可用于基层医疗中治疗哮喘，特别是用于控制夜间哮喘和运动诱发哮喘的症状，以及为尽管同时使用了最佳剂量吸入性抗炎药物仍需定期使用短效β2受体激动剂的患者提供方便的维持治疗。
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