Matsuzaki Y, Nakamura K
Department of Bacteriology, Yamagata University School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. 1997 Oct;55(10):2515-20.
Influenza epidemics that start abruptly and spread rapidly are caused by either influenza A or B virus. Although well-defined outbreaks of influenza C have rarely been reported, influenza C virus has been shown to cause a mild upper respiratory illness in children as well as in adults. Influenza A virus naturally infects several mammalian species including humans as well as a variety of avian species, whereas influenza B virus infects only humans. Influenza C virus primarily infects humans but has also been isolated from pigs. Furthermore, there are several differences in the biological and biochemical properties among three types of influenza virus. Here we summarize the virological, epidemiological and clinical features of influenza A, B and C viruses.
突然暴发并迅速传播的流感流行是由甲型或乙型流感病毒引起的。虽然关于丙型流感明确的暴发报道很少，但丙型流感病毒已被证明可在儿童及成人中引起轻度上呼吸道疾病。甲型流感病毒自然感染包括人类在内的多种哺乳动物以及多种禽类，而乙型流感病毒仅感染人类。丙型流感病毒主要感染人类，但也已从猪身上分离出来。此外，三种流感病毒在生物学和生化特性上存在若干差异。在此，我们总结甲型、乙型和丙型流感病毒的病毒学、流行病学及临床特征。
