Matsuzaki Yoko, Katsushima Noriko, Nagai Yukio, Shoji Makoto, Itagaki Tsutomu, Sakamoto Michiyo, Kitaoka Setsuko, Mizuta Katsumi, Nishimura Hidekazu
Department of Infectious Diseases, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Iida-Nishi, Yamagata, Japan.
J Infect Dis. 2006 May 1;193(9):1229-35. doi: 10.1086/502973. Epub 2006 Mar 31.
Seroepidemiological studies have revealed that influenza C virus is widely distributed globally. However, because the isolation of this virus is difficult, there have been few reports on its clinical features.
Between December 1990 and November 2004, 84,946 respiratory-tract specimens were obtained from patients < or = 15 years old. On the basis of the results of isolation of virus, we examined the clinical data on children infected with influenza C virus.
Of 170 children infected with influenza C virus, 157 (92.4%) were < 6 years old. Fever (frequency, 90.0%), cough (frequency, 74.1%), and rhinorrhea (frequency, 61.8%) were the most frequent symptoms. The mean duration of fever was 2.88 days (standard deviation, 1.66 days). Of the 170 children, 29 were hospitalized, and 21 (72.4%) of these 29 had lower-respiratory-tract illness such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and bronchiolitis. The rate of hospital admission was significantly higher in children < 2 years old than in children 2-5 years old (30.4% vs. 11.9%; P = .0043).
Influenza C virus is a significant cause of upper-respiratory-tract illness in children < 6 years old, and the risk of complications with lower-respiratory-tract illness is particularly high in children < 2 years old.
血清流行病学研究表明，丙型流感病毒在全球广泛分布。然而，由于该病毒分离困难，关于其临床特征的报道较少。
在1990年12月至2004年11月期间，从15岁及以下的患者中获取了84946份呼吸道标本。根据病毒分离结果，我们检查了感染丙型流感病毒儿童的临床资料。
在170例感染丙型流感病毒的儿童中，157例（92.4%）年龄小于6岁。发热（发生率90.0%）、咳嗽（发生率74.1%）和流涕（发生率61.8%）是最常见的症状。发热的平均持续时间为2.88天（标准差1.66天）。170例儿童中，29例住院，其中21例（72.4%）患有下呼吸道疾病，如肺炎、支气管炎和细支气管炎。2岁以下儿童的住院率显著高于2至5岁儿童（30.4%对11.9%；P = 0.0043）。
丙型流感病毒是6岁以下儿童上呼吸道疾病的重要病因，2岁以下儿童发生下呼吸道疾病并发症的风险尤其高。
