The genetics and biology of Phytophthora infestans: modern approaches to a historical challenge.

The oomyceteous fungus Phytophthora infestans, which causes the late blight diseases of potato and tomato, has a history that is closely associated with that of mycology and plant pathology. Nevertheless, P. infestans and other oomycetes remain poorly understood relative to fungi in other groups. A resurgence in the worldwide impact of late blight has recently increased interest in the species. Fortunately, over the past decade improved tools for laboratory analysis have been developed which provide an opportunity to advance our understanding of this important pathogen. Since oomycetes do not have a close taxonomic affinity with well-characterized organisms such as ascomycetes and basidiomycetes, it is likely that studies of P. infestans will yield novel biological findings. This review provides an update on the status of research into the fundamental aspects of the biology, genetics, and pathology of P. infestans and describes prospects for future advances.