Kramer E M, Peterson K E, Rogers B L, Hughes M D
Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Maternal Child Health/Department of Nutrition, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1997 Nov;51(11):750-6. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600477.
This study assesses intrahousehold allocation of energy in rural Bangladesh and tests the hypothesis that, when daily energy intake is adjusted for energy expenditure, no age or gender bias will be apparent in intrahousehold energy allocation.
Data were collected at two-month intervals over a one year study.
Four villages in Matlab Thana, rural Bangladesh.
Two hundred and seven children up to 5 y of age and their 145 mothers and 123 fathers.
Data included six measurements of observed 24 h dietary energy intake and physical activity recorded from waking to sleeping. Total daily energy expenditure was derived using the factorial method.
Women's energy intake ranged from 75-88% of the FAO/WHO recommended energy intake over the six periods of data collection, significantly less (P < 0.0001) than the men's (range 89-114%). Although the women had moderate levels of physical activity, frequent pregnancies and long lactation periods increased their energy needs. Among children no longer breast fed, energy consumption, unadjusted for energy expenditure, provided 86-108% of the FAO/WHO recommended energy intake by weight.
Women consistently received less of their energy requirements than either their children or their husbands.
本研究评估了孟加拉国农村家庭内部的能量分配情况，并检验了这样一个假设，即当根据能量消耗调整每日能量摄入量时，家庭内部能量分配中不会出现年龄或性别偏见。
在为期一年的研究中，每隔两个月收集一次数据。
孟加拉国农村马特拉塔纳的四个村庄。
207名5岁以下儿童及其145名母亲和123名父亲。
数据包括对观察到的24小时膳食能量摄入量的六次测量，以及从醒来至入睡期间记录的身体活动情况。使用析因法得出每日总能量消耗。
在六个数据收集期内，女性的能量摄入量占粮农组织/世界卫生组织建议能量摄入量的75 - 88%，显著低于男性（89 - 114%，P < 0.0001）。尽管女性有适度的身体活动，但频繁怀孕和长时间哺乳增加了她们的能量需求。在不再母乳喂养的儿童中，未经能量消耗调整的能量消耗按体重计算占粮农组织/世界卫生组织建议能量摄入量的86 - 108%。
女性持续获得的能量比其子女或丈夫所需的能量少。
