Schacter D L, Church B
Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 1995 Sep;1(5):434-42. doi: 10.1017/s1355617700000539.
Amnesic patients often exhibit spared priming effects on implicit memory tests despite poor explicit memory. In previous research, we found normal auditory priming in amnesic patients on a task in which the magnitude of priming in control subjects was independent of whether speaker's voice was same or different at study and test, and found impaired voice-specific priming on a task in which priming in control subjects is higher when speaker's voice is the same at study and test than when it is different. The present experiments provide further evidence of spared auditory priming in amnesia, demonstrate that normal priming effects are not an artifact of low levels of baseline performance, and provide suggestive evidence that amnesic patients can exhibit voice-specific priming when experimental conditions do not require them to interactively bind together word and voice information.
失忆症患者尽管外显记忆较差，但在隐性记忆测试中往往表现出保留的启动效应。在先前的研究中，我们发现失忆症患者在一项任务中具有正常的听觉启动效应，在该任务中，对照组受试者的启动效应大小与学习和测试时说话者的声音是否相同无关；而在另一项任务中，我们发现他们的声音特异性启动效应受损，在这项任务中，对照组受试者在学习和测试时说话者声音相同时的启动效应比声音不同时更高。本实验进一步证明了失忆症患者存在保留的听觉启动效应，表明正常的启动效应不是低水平基线表现的假象，并且提供了提示性证据，即当实验条件不要求失忆症患者将单词和声音信息进行交互绑定在一起时，他们可以表现出声音特异性启动效应。
