Pediatric neuro-AIDS. Update.

Vertically transmitted HIV-1 infection occurs in an immature developing organism. The maturational stage of the nervous and immune system when exposed to the direct or indirect effects of the virus is likely to be of utmost importance. Innumerable dynamic interactions occur between these two systems during development, and these undoubtedly interact in complex ways with HIV-1 variables. To care for these children and to design rational approaches for treatment and prevention, it is now critical to develop a better understanding of how HIV-1 affects the developing nervous system.