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关于科学中的伪科学以及精神科诊断的案例。对D.L. 罗森汉的《在疯人院里保持理智》和《精神科诊断的情境本质》的批判。

More on pseudoscience in science and the case for psychiatric diagnosis. A critique of D.L. Rosenhan's "On Being Sane in Insane Places" and "The Contestual Nature of Psychiatric Diagnosis".

作者信息

Spitzer R L

出版信息

Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1976 Apr;33(4):459-70. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770040029007.

Abstract

Rosenhan's 1973 article, "On Being Sane in Insane Places," was pseudoscience presented as science. Just as his pseudopatients were diagnosed at discharge as having "schizophrenia in remission", so a careful examination of this study's methods, results, and conclusions leads to a diagnosis of "logic in remission." Rosenhan's study proves that pseudopatients are not detected by psychiatrists as having simulated signs of mental illness and that the implementation of certain invalid research designs can make psychiatrists appear foolish. These rather unremarkable findings are irrelevant to the real problems of the reliability and validity of psychiatric diagnosis and only serve to obscure them. A correct interpretation of his own data contradicts his conclusions. There are purposes to psychiatric diagnosis that Rosenhan's article ignores. His more recent suggestion that certain requirements be met prior to the adoption of a new psychiatric classification system is unrealistic.

摘要

罗森汉1973年发表的文章《在疯狂的地方保持理智》,是一篇伪装成科学的伪科学。正如他的假病人在出院时被诊断为“处于缓解期的精神分裂症”一样,仔细审视这项研究的方法、结果和结论,会得出“逻辑处于缓解期”的诊断。罗森汉的研究证明,精神科医生无法检测出假病人模拟的精神疾病症状,而且某些无效研究设计的实施会让精神科医生显得愚蠢。这些相当平淡无奇的发现与精神科诊断可靠性和有效性的实际问题无关,只是起到了掩盖这些问题的作用。对他自己数据的正确解读与他的结论相矛盾。罗森汉的文章忽略了精神科诊断的目的。他最近提出在采用新的精神科分类系统之前应满足某些要求的建议是不现实的。

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