Borowsky I W, Hogan M, Ireland M
Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
Pediatrics. 1997 Dec;100(6):E7. doi: 10.1542/peds.100.6.e7.
Little research addresses the correlates of sexual aggression in nonclinical populations of adolescents. The purpose of this study was to identify risk and protective factors associated with sexual violence among male and female adolescents.
We analyzed data on 71,594 students in the 9th and 12th grades responding to the 1992 Minnesota Student Survey, an anonymous, self-report survey examining an array of risk environments, health-compromising behaviors, and protective factors. The responses of students reporting a history of forcing someone into a sexual act were compared with those who reported that they had never forced someone into a sexual act. Separate analyses were conducted for males and females.
A history of sexual violence perpetration was reported by 4.8% of male and 1.3% of female adolescents. Using a logistic regression model, sexual aggression was associated with experiencing intrafamilial or extrafamilial sexual abuse, witnessing family violence, frequent use of illegal drugs, anabolic steroid use, daily alcohol use, gang membership, high levels of suicide risk behavior, and excessive time spent "hanging out." Emotional health and connectedness with friends and adults in the community were protective factors for male adolescents against sexually aggressive behavior, and academic achievement was a protective factor for female adolescents.
A history of forcing someone into a sexual act was associated with several risk and protective factors. Efforts to prevent adolescent sexual violence should target individuals at increased risk. Through their psychosocial assessment of young people, health care professionals can play a role in identifying, counseling, and making appropriate referrals for adolescents at risk for sexually aggressive behavior.
很少有研究探讨非临床青少年群体中性侵犯行为的相关因素。本研究的目的是确定与青少年男性和女性性暴力相关的风险因素和保护因素。
我们分析了71594名9年级和12年级学生对1992年明尼苏达学生调查的回复数据，该调查是一项匿名的自我报告调查，考察了一系列风险环境、危害健康行为和保护因素。将报告有强迫他人进行性行为历史的学生的回复与那些报告从未强迫他人进行性行为的学生的回复进行比较。对男性和女性分别进行了分析。
4.8%的男性青少年和1.3%的女性青少年报告有性暴力犯罪历史。使用逻辑回归模型，性侵犯行为与遭受家庭内或家庭外性虐待、目睹家庭暴力、频繁使用非法药物、使用合成代谢类固醇、每日饮酒、加入帮派、高水平的自杀风险行为以及“闲逛”时间过长有关。情绪健康以及与社区中的朋友和成年人的联系是男性青少年预防性侵犯行为的保护因素，而学业成绩是女性青少年的保护因素。
强迫他人进行性行为的历史与多种风险因素和保护因素相关。预防青少年性暴力的努力应针对风险增加的个体。通过对年轻人进行心理社会评估，医疗保健专业人员可以在识别、咨询和为有性侵犯行为风险的青少年进行适当转介方面发挥作用。
