Clark D C, Berkowitz J
Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
J Public Health Dent. 1997 Summer;57(3):144-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.1997.tb02965.x.
This study sought to determine the prevalence of esthetic problems due to dental fluorosis, and determine the relationship of different fluoride exposure histories to the occurrence of these problems.
In 1993-94 2,715 children in grades 2 and 3 and 3,297 adolescents in grades 8 and 9 were examined by four dentists. Questionnaires detailing exposures to various fluoride technologies were collected from 3,022 of these study participants. Esthetic ratings of the participants' maxillary anterior teeth were made by the examiners, the participants themselves, and their parents using questionnaires designed for this purpose.
Data indicate that 46 percent of the participants had dental fluorosis. Only 40 percent had fluorosis on anterior maxillary teeth. The prevalence of esthetic problems ranged from about 1 percent to 4 percent, depending on how an esthetic problem was defined. Esthetic problems as defined by the participant were more prevalent for the "over 11" age group. Logistic regression results demonstrated significant associations between several of the classifications of esthetic problems and the use of fluoride supplements and dentifrices, and exposure to fluoridated water during the third year of life.
Results suggest that the prevalence of esthetic problems is low in the communities surveyed, and that exposure to any number of fluoride technologies in the third year of life can increase a child's risk for this problem.
本研究旨在确定因氟斑牙导致的美观问题的患病率，并确定不同氟暴露史与这些问题发生之间的关系。
1993 - 1994年，4名牙医对2715名二、三年级儿童和3297名八、九年级青少年进行了检查。从3022名研究参与者中收集了详细说明各种氟技术暴露情况的问卷。检查人员、参与者本人及其父母使用为此目的设计的问卷对参与者上颌前牙的美观程度进行评分。
数据表明，46%的参与者患有氟斑牙。只有40%的人上颌前牙有氟斑牙。美观问题的患病率约为1%至4%，具体取决于美观问题的定义方式。参与者定义的美观问题在“11岁以上”年龄组中更为普遍。逻辑回归结果表明，几种美观问题分类与使用氟补充剂和牙膏以及在生命的第三年接触含氟水之间存在显著关联。
结果表明，在所调查的社区中，美观问题的患病率较低，并且在生命的第三年接触任何数量的氟技术都会增加儿童出现此问题的风险。
