Samuelsson M, Gustavsson J P, Petterson I L, Arnetz B, Asberg M
Department of Psychiatry, Karolinska Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1997 Oct;32(7):391-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00788179.
Suicidal feelings, attempted suicide and aspects of work environment and well-being in Swedish psychiatric nursing personnel were studied using a questionnaire. The questionnaire, containing 190 questions, was mailed to all 242 nurses and attendants working in psychiatric care at the department of psychiatry at Karolinska Hospital. Eighty-one percent (n = 197) returned the questionnaire. Suicidal feelings "last year" were lower than in the general population, but suicidal feeling and attempted suicide "earlier than last year" were much more common, and 13% reported that they had attempted suicide earlier in life. In order to study the possible association between work environment and suicide, a factor analysis was performed. Four factors were extracted and labelled: suicidality, quality of work, negative work environment and burn out/depression. The correlation between the factors suggests that negative work environment is associated with burn out/depression, which in turn is related to suicidality. No direct link was demonstrated between suicidality and work environment, and completed suicide was not investigated. The study provides some indirect evidence that a negative work environment may increase suicidal feelings.
我们使用问卷调查的方式,对瑞典精神科护理人员的自杀情绪、自杀未遂情况以及工作环境与幸福感等方面进行了研究。这份包含190个问题的问卷,被邮寄给了卡罗林斯卡医院精神科所有从事精神科护理工作的242名护士和护理员。81%(n = 197)的人员回复了问卷。“去年”有自杀情绪的比例低于普通人群,但“早于去年”有自杀情绪和自杀未遂的情况则更为常见,13%的人报告称他们曾在过去有过自杀未遂经历。为了研究工作环境与自杀之间可能存在的关联,我们进行了因子分析。提取了四个因子并分别命名为:自杀倾向、工作质量、负面工作环境以及职业倦怠/抑郁。各因子之间的相关性表明,负面工作环境与职业倦怠/抑郁相关,而职业倦怠/抑郁又与自杀倾向有关。未发现自杀倾向与工作环境之间存在直接联系,且未对自杀身亡情况进行调查。该研究提供了一些间接证据,表明负面工作环境可能会增加自杀情绪。