el-Sayed H F, Abaza S M, Mehanna S, Winch P J
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Acta Trop. 1997 Nov;68(2):229-37. doi: 10.1016/s0001-706x(97)00097-1.
Serology for hepatitis B and C markers was performed on a community-based random sample of 506 residents of an area recently reclaimed from the desert and endemic for Schistosoma mansoni. The mean age of the study subjects was (20 +/- 14), and 52% were males. The overall seroprevalence of hepatitis B (Anti-HBc and/or HBsAg) was 19.6%, hepatitis C (Anti-HCV) was 10.3%, while 5% were positive for both hepatitis B and C. A strong association was present with increasing age for both hepatitis B and C markers. However, there was no association with either sex, S. mansoni infection or schistosomal periportal fibrosis. Also HBV seropositivity was not associated with increased risk of HCV seropositivity. Anti-HCV seropositivity was significantly associated with previous parenteral treatment for schistosomiasis (OR = 7.9), and with history of previous surgery (OR = 3). Hepatitis B and C are major public health problems in this population. It is recommended to consolidate the Egyptian programme of infant hepatitis B vaccination, and to extend it to older children and high risk adult groups. There is also an urgent need to study more closely the epidemiology, natural history, risk factors and modes of transmission of hepatitis C.
对近期从沙漠开垦的、曼氏血吸虫病流行地区的506名居民进行了基于社区的随机抽样，检测其乙肝和丙肝标志物的血清学情况。研究对象的平均年龄为（20±14）岁，52%为男性。乙肝（抗-HBc和/或HBsAg）的总体血清阳性率为19.6%，丙肝（抗-HCV）为10.3%，5%的人乙肝和丙肝均呈阳性。乙肝和丙肝标志物的血清阳性率均与年龄增长呈强相关。然而，与性别、曼氏血吸虫感染或血吸虫性门静脉周围纤维化均无关联。此外，乙肝血清阳性与丙肝血清阳性风险增加无关。抗-HCV血清阳性与既往血吸虫病的非肠道治疗（比值比=7.9）以及既往手术史（比值比=3）显著相关。乙肝和丙肝是该人群中的主要公共卫生问题。建议巩固埃及的婴儿乙肝疫苗接种计划，并将其扩大至大龄儿童和高危成人组。还迫切需要更密切地研究丙肝的流行病学、自然史、危险因素和传播方式。
