Gasim Gasim I, Bella Abdelhaleem, Adam Ishag
Qassim College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
King Fahad Hospital of the University, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Virol J. 2015 Feb 8;12:19. doi: 10.1186/s12985-015-0251-2.
Schistosomiasis is a significant health problem in more than 70 countries distributed between Africa, Asia and South America, with an infection rate of one in 30 individuals. Data on Schistosomiasis, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection are scarce; however, there is a high prevalence in countries where schistosomiasis is endemic.
A systematic search was performed on published data from 1980-2014. Published papers in the databases Google, Medline, PubMed, and MiPc library were searched using the keywords epidemiology, pathogenesis and outcomes of HBV, HCV and schistosomiasis and data were extracted from the relevant studies.
The prevalence of HBV/schistosomiasis co-infection in countries where schistosomiasis is endemic was high, ranging between 9.6 to approximately 64% in Egypt, and a maximum of 15.8% among hospitalized patients in Brazil. Concurrent infection between HBV and schistosomiasis is often associated with countries where schistosomiasis is endemic and may lead to chronic liver inflammation. Similarly, HCV infection rates in schistosomiasis populations range from 1% in Ethiopia reaching up to 50% in Egypt.
There is controversy regarding the effects of HBV and HCV on schistosomiasis and vice versa. Vaccination might be a solution to the era of schistosomiasis and co-infection with HBV and HCV.
血吸虫病是一个严重的健康问题，在分布于非洲、亚洲和南美洲的70多个国家中存在，感染率为三十分之一。关于血吸虫病、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）合并感染的数据很少；然而，在血吸虫病流行的国家中，这种合并感染的患病率很高。
对1980年至2014年发表的数据进行了系统检索。在谷歌、医学索引数据库、医学期刊数据库和MiPc图书馆中搜索已发表的论文，使用关键词HBV、HCV和血吸虫病的流行病学、发病机制和结局，并从相关研究中提取数据。
在血吸虫病流行的国家中，HBV/血吸虫病合并感染的患病率很高，在埃及为9.6%至约64%，在巴西住院患者中最高为15.8%。HBV和血吸虫病的同时感染通常与血吸虫病流行的国家有关，可能导致慢性肝脏炎症。同样，血吸虫病患者中的HCV感染率在埃塞俄比亚为1%，在埃及高达50%。
关于HBV和HCV对血吸虫病的影响以及反之亦然，存在争议。疫苗接种可能是解决血吸虫病以及与HBV和HCV合并感染问题的一个办法。
