Viroslav J, Rosenblatt R, Tomazevic S M
Dallas Rehabilitation Institute of Healthsouth, Texas, USA.
Respir Care Clin N Am. 1996 Jun;2(2):313-22.
Although spinal cord injury is devastating and can compromise the respiratory system, particularly when the cervical cord is injured, aggressive use of noninvasive respiratory muscle aids can reduce the otherwise commonly seen complications of pneumonia, bronchial mucous plugging, atelectasis, and respiratory failure. Accessory muscle function can also usually be improved and the muscles then recruited to help maintain adequate alveolar ventilation during the acute spinal cord injury recovery period. Noninvasive assisted ventilation can be successful for patients with compromised lung function during the acute rehabilitation period as well as on a long-term basis. Removal of an indwelling tracheostomy tube results in improved quality of life from many points of view, a decreased number of local tracheostomy complications, a decreased number of serious respiratory infections, an improved ability to communicate, and an increased ability to use the mouth for functions such as operating computers and wheelchairs.
尽管脊髓损伤具有毁灭性，且会损害呼吸系统，尤其是在颈髓损伤时，但积极使用无创呼吸肌辅助设备可减少肺炎、支气管黏液堵塞、肺不张和呼吸衰竭等常见并发症。在急性脊髓损伤恢复期，辅助肌功能通常也能得到改善，随后这些肌肉会被调动起来，以帮助维持足够的肺泡通气。无创辅助通气对于急性康复期以及长期存在肺功能受损的患者都可能取得成功。从多个角度来看，拔除留置的气管造口管可提高生活质量，减少局部气管造口并发症的数量，减少严重呼吸道感染的数量，改善沟通能力，并增强使用口腔进行操作电脑和轮椅等功能的能力。
