Hitzemann B, Hitzemann R
Department of Psychiatry, SUNY at Stony Brook 11794-8101, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1997 Nov;21(8):1497-507.
The effect of ethanol (0.25 to 4 g/kg) on the number of Fos-like immunoreactive (Fos-li) neurons was studied in the C57BL/6J (B6) and DBA/2J (D2) inbred mouse strains. The brain regions emphasized in the analysis were from the basal ganglia and some associated limbic nuclei. The question addressed was whether or not the D2 and B6 strains differed in these regions in a way that could explain the marked psychomotor stimulation of the D2, but not the B6, strain over the dose range of 1 to 2 g/kg of ethanol. Over the dose range of 0.25 to 2 g/kg, ethanol caused a modest increase in the number of Fos-li neurons within the caudate putamen (dorsolateral and dorsomedial) and the nucleus accumbens (core and shell), but there were no marked strain effects. There was no significant effect in either strain of ethanol treatment (0.25 to 2 g/kg) in the globus pallidus, ventral pallidum, and subthalamic nucleus. However, at 4 g/kg, there was a dramatic (> 100%) increase of Fos-li neurons in the D2 but not B6 strain. A similar effect was noted in the entopeduncular nucleus, the substantia nigra zona reticulata (and compacta), but not the ventral tegmental area. A marked and substantial (> 200%) Fos response was seen in the central amygdaloid nucleus (CeA) of the D2 strain over the entire dose range; in contrast, a substantial Fos response in the B6 strain was seen only at the 4 g/kg dose. The paraventricular thalamic nucleus, in general, paralleled data in the CeA; but, the Fos response was more modest, and the results for the D2 strain were significant only at the 2 g/kg dose. Overall, data suggest that ethanol at low to moderate doses induces significant, strain-dependent Fos responses in some limbic structures, but not in the basal ganglia. The possibility is considered that activation of some neurons in the CeA are permissive for expression of the ethanol-induced increase in motor activity.
研究了乙醇（0.25至4克/千克）对C57BL/6J（B6）和DBA/2J（D2）近交系小鼠中Fos样免疫反应性（Fos-li）神经元数量的影响。分析中重点关注的脑区来自基底神经节和一些相关的边缘核。所探讨的问题是，在1至2克/千克乙醇剂量范围内，D2和B6品系在这些区域是否存在差异，从而能够解释D2品系而非B6品系出现的明显精神运动性兴奋。在0.25至2克/千克剂量范围内，乙醇使尾壳核（背外侧和背内侧）以及伏隔核（核心和外壳）内的Fos-li神经元数量适度增加，但未观察到明显的品系效应。在苍白球、腹侧苍白球和丘脑底核中，乙醇处理（0.25至2克/千克）对两个品系均无显著影响。然而，在4克/千克时，D2品系中Fos-li神经元数量急剧增加（>100%），而B6品系则未出现这种情况。在内侧缰核、黑质网状部（和致密部）中也观察到类似效应，但腹侧被盖区未出现。在整个剂量范围内，D2品系的中央杏仁核（CeA）出现明显且大幅（>200%）的Fos反应；相比之下，B6品系仅在4克/千克剂量时出现明显的Fos反应。一般来说，丘脑室旁核的数据与CeA的数据相似；但是，Fos反应较为适度，D2品系的结果仅在2克/千克剂量时具有统计学意义。总体而言，数据表明低至中等剂量的乙醇在一些边缘结构中诱导出显著的、品系依赖性的Fos反应，但在基底神经节中未出现。有人认为CeA中某些神经元的激活可能有助于表达乙醇诱导的运动活动增加。
