Lavados P M, Tenhamm E
Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
Cephalalgia. 1997 Nov;17(7):770-7. doi: 10.1046/j.1468-2982.1997.1707770.x.
To describe the importance of migraine in Santiago, Chile, by analyzing its prevalence, clinical features and impact by age, gender and socioeconomic status.
In 1993, a representative sample of 1,540 adults of the province of Santiago were interviewed using a standard questionnaire. A total of 1,385 (89.9%) subjects responded to the survey. Initially, a designated member of each household responded to the questionnaire. Subsequently, each household member with headaches was asked to respond to questions about severity, frequency, location, duration, associated symptoms and impact in work and social activities of their most frequent headaches. Migraine diagnoses were determined in accordance with the International Headache Society (IHS) criteria of 1988.
Recurrent headaches in the past year were found in 516 (36.82%) respondents, 145 (28.1%) males and 371 (71.9%) females. Total prevalence of migraine was found to be 7.3% (95% CI 5.9-8.6); 11.9% (95% CI 9.6-14.2) in females and 2.0% (95% CI 0.9-3.0) in males. Overall, migraine constituted 19.6% (101/516) of all headaches reported in this sample. The prevalence did not vary significantly by age groups or socioeconomic status (SES). Migraine with aura had an overall prevalence of 3.5% (CI 0.8-7.1), and was significantly more frequent in females. In 60-70% of cases the attacks lasted 2-6 h and the frequency was 3.3 and 3.4 per month in females and males respectively. Both males and females reported significantly high percentages of attacks during work.
Migraine prevalence in a sample of adults of Santiago is similar to that reported in previous studies using IHS criteria. Women of all socioeconomic levels are at an increased risk.
通过分析偏头痛在智利圣地亚哥的患病率、临床特征以及年龄、性别和社会经济地位对其的影响，描述偏头痛的重要性。
1993年，使用标准问卷对圣地亚哥省1540名成年人的代表性样本进行了访谈。共有1385名（89.9%）受试者回应了调查。最初，每户指定一名成员回答问卷。随后，要求每户有头痛症状的成员回答有关其最常见头痛的严重程度、频率、部位、持续时间、相关症状以及对工作和社交活动影响的问题。偏头痛诊断根据1988年国际头痛协会（IHS）标准确定。
在516名（36.82%）受访者中发现过去一年有复发性头痛，其中男性145名（28.1%），女性371名（71.9%）。偏头痛的总患病率为7.3%（95%可信区间5.9 - 8.6）；女性为11.9%（95%可信区间9.6 - 14.2），男性为2.0%（95%可信区间0.9 - 3.0）。总体而言，偏头痛占该样本中报告的所有头痛的19.6%（101/516）。患病率在不同年龄组或社会经济地位（SES）之间无显著差异。有先兆偏头痛总体患病率为3.5%（可信区间0.8 - 7.1），在女性中更为常见。在60 - 70%的病例中，发作持续2 - 6小时，女性和男性的发作频率分别为每月3.3次和3.4次。男性和女性报告在工作期间发作的百分比均显著较高。
圣地亚哥成年人样本中的偏头痛患病率与以往使用IHS标准的研究报告相似。所有社会经济水平的女性患病风险均增加。
