Williamson D L, Kirwan J P
Noll Physiological Research Center, Pennsylvania State University, USA.
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1997 Nov;52(6):M352-5. doi: 10.1093/gerona/52a.6.m352.
It has been shown that basal metabolic rate (BMR) decreases with age. The extent to which some of the decrease can be reversed by exercise in older men and women is unclear. Resistance exercise has been shown to significantly increase muscle mass in older individuals, and because muscle is a highly active metabolic tissue there is potential to increase BMR as a secondary outcome to the training adaptation.
Twelve healthy men aged 59-77 years performed single-leg knee extension exercise (right and left leg) and bench press lifts (16 sets, 10 reps/set with timed recovery between sets) at 75% of the individual's 3RM. Subjects only performed the concentric phase of the lift. BMR was measured on two separate occasions, once after a nonexercise control period and again 48 hrs after a bout of resistance exercise.
BMR was significantly increased (p < .006) 48 hrs after exercise (EX) compared to control (CON) (284.0 +/- 34.0 vs 274.9 +/- 34.0 kJ/hr, respectively). Calculated over a 24-hour period, the energy expenditure corresponded to 1570 +/- 193 and 1627 +/- 193 kcal/24 hr (p < .0002) for the CON and EX measures, respectively. VO2 (L/min) was higher (p < .0002) 48 hrs after the EX bout compared to 48 hrs post-CON (0.232 +/- 0.03 vs 0.225 +/- 0.03 L/min, respectively).
We conclude that in healthy 59-77-year-old men, an acute bout of resistance exercise causes a sustained increase in BMR that persists for up to 48 hours after exercise.
研究表明基础代谢率（BMR）会随着年龄增长而下降。目前尚不清楚老年男性和女性通过运动能在多大程度上逆转这种下降。抗阻运动已被证明能显著增加老年人的肌肉量，而且由于肌肉是高度活跃的代谢组织，因此有可能作为训练适应的次要结果来提高基础代谢率。
12名年龄在59 - 77岁的健康男性进行单腿膝关节伸展运动（右腿和左腿）以及卧推（16组，每组10次重复，组间有定时恢复），强度为个人3次重复最大重量（3RM）的75%。受试者仅进行举重的向心阶段。在两个不同时间测量基础代谢率，一次是在非运动对照期后，另一次是在一次抗阻运动 bout 后48小时。
与对照组（CON）相比，运动（EX）后48小时基础代谢率显著增加（p < 0.006）（分别为284.0 +/- 34.0与274.9 +/- 34.0千焦/小时）。按24小时计算，对照组和运动组的能量消耗分别相当于1570 +/- 193和1627 +/- 193千卡/24小时（p < 0.0002）。与对照组后48小时相比，运动 bout 后48小时的摄氧量（VO2，升/分钟）更高（p < 0.0002）（分别为0.232 +/- 0.03与0.225 +/- 0.03升/分钟）。
我们得出结论，在59 - 77岁的健康男性中，一次急性抗阻运动 bout 会导致基础代谢率持续增加，且在运动后可持续长达48小时。
