Bosanac E M, Parkinson R C, Hall D S
Med Care. 1976 Jul;14(7):616-24. doi: 10.1097/00005650-197607000-00006.
A review of literature focusing upon geographic accessibility to health facilities indicates that while distance has been the traditional measure, travel time may now be a more meaningful indicator. Applying a 30-minute travel time standard to general hospitals, as advocated by various health plans, this paper illustrates an approach to the determination of geographic accessibility through a combination of a travel time file and sociodemographic profiles. Focusing upon all residents of West Virginia, the study identifies the number and characteristics of persons who reside within and beyond the 30-minute standard. More than 10 per cent of the entire population and nearly 20 per cent of the rural residents live in areas which are, by this standard, inaccessible to general hospitals. The "inaccessible" populations are characterized as having sociodemographic attributes associated with high medical needs. Other applications of travel time data are discussed.
一项聚焦于医疗设施地理可达性的文献综述表明，虽然距离一直是传统的衡量标准，但现在出行时间可能是一个更有意义的指标。本文采用各种健康计划所倡导的将30分钟出行时间标准应用于综合医院的方法，说明了一种通过结合出行时间文件和社会人口概况来确定地理可达性的方法。该研究以西弗吉尼亚州的所有居民为重点，确定了居住在30分钟标准范围内和范围外的人口数量及特征。按照这一标准，超过10%的总人口以及近20%的农村居民生活在无法到达综合医院的地区。这些“无法到达”地区的人群具有与高医疗需求相关的社会人口属性。文中还讨论了出行时间数据的其他应用。
