Bienkowski P, Iwinska K, Stefanski R, Kostowski W
Department of Pharmacology and Physiology of the Nervous System, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland.
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1997 Dec;58(4):969-73. doi: 10.1016/s0091-3057(97)00034-8.
Rats were trained to discriminate between ethanol (1.0 g/kg; 10% v/v) and saline under a fixed ratio 10 schedule of sweetened milk reinforcement. Both diazepam [nonselective, full benzodiazepine (BZ) receptors agonist] and bretazenil (nonselective, partial BZ receptor agonist) produced dose-dependent ethanol-appropriate responding (>75%). Neither diazepam nor bretazenil affected the response rate at the doses producing maximal generalisation from ethanol. In contrast, zolpidem (full BZ1 receptor agonist) and abecarnil (full BZ1/full or partial BZ2 receptor agonist) produced only moderate (<50%) ethanol-appropriate responding when tested up to doses that markedly decreased the overall response rate. These results suggest that: 1) there are no major differences between full and partial, nonselective BZ receptor agonists in their ability to substitute for 1.0 g/kg dose of ethanol; 2) stimulation of BZ1 receptors alone is not sufficient to produce ethanol-like discriminative stimulus effects in the rat.
大鼠在以甜牛奶为强化物的固定比率10的实验安排下接受训练，以区分乙醇（1.0克/千克；10%体积/体积）和生理盐水。地西泮（非选择性、完全苯二氮䓬（BZ）受体激动剂）和溴替唑仑（非选择性、部分BZ受体激动剂）均产生剂量依赖性的与乙醇相符的反应（>75%）。地西泮和溴替唑仑在产生从乙醇的最大泛化的剂量下均不影响反应率。相比之下，唑吡坦（完全BZ1受体激动剂）和阿贝卡尼（完全BZ1/完全或部分BZ2受体激动剂）在测试至显著降低总体反应率的剂量时，仅产生中等程度（<50%）的与乙醇相符的反应。这些结果表明：1）完全和部分非选择性BZ受体激动剂在替代1.0克/千克剂量乙醇的能力方面没有主要差异；2）单独刺激BZ1受体不足以在大鼠中产生类似乙醇的辨别性刺激效应。
