Sathiakumar N, Delzell E
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294-0008, USA.
Crit Rev Toxicol. 1997 Nov;27(6):599-612. doi: 10.3109/10408449709084405.
We evaluated epidemiologic evidence pertaining to the human carcinogenic potential of triazine herbicides in general and of atrazine, the most common triazine. Cancers for which data are available included non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, leukemia, multiple myeloma, soft tissue sarcoma, colon cancer, and ovarian cancer. The investigations had methodologic limitations, including lack of in-depth exposure measurements and small numbers of subjects with heavy exposure and/or with many years since starting exposure, possibly required for the induction of cancer. The relation between triazines and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma has been assessed in four independent population-based case-control studies, reporting odds ratios ranging from 1.2 to 2.5. However, chance and/or confounding by other agricultural exposures may have produced these weak statistical associations. Furthermore, a pooled analysis of three of the case-control studies and the combined analysis of two retrospective follow-up studies did not demonstrate the types of dose-response or induction time patterns that would be expected if triazines were causal factors. The epidemiologic data pertaining to Hodgkin's disease, leukemia, multiple myeloma, soft tissue sarcoma, colon cancer, and ovarian cancer were inadequate for determining whether associations with atrazine or triazines exist in humans. For each of these cancers, only one or two studies evaluating the relationship were available, and the results of the studies typically were imprecise.
我们评估了有关三嗪类除草剂总体的人类致癌潜力以及最常见的三嗪——阿特拉津的致癌潜力的流行病学证据。有数据可查的癌症包括非霍奇金淋巴瘤、霍奇金病、白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、软组织肉瘤、结肠癌和卵巢癌。这些调查存在方法学上的局限性，包括缺乏深入的暴露测量，以及重度暴露和/或自开始暴露以来有多年暴露史的受试者数量较少，而这些对于诱发癌症可能是必需的。在四项基于人群的独立病例对照研究中评估了三嗪与非霍奇金淋巴瘤之间的关系，报告的比值比在1.2至2.5之间。然而，其他农业暴露因素导致的偶然性和/或混杂因素可能产生了这些微弱的统计学关联。此外，对三项病例对照研究的汇总分析以及两项回顾性随访研究的综合分析并未显示出如果三嗪是致病因素时所预期的剂量反应类型或诱导时间模式。关于霍奇金病、白血病、多发性骨髓瘤、软组织肉瘤、结肠癌和卵巢癌的流行病学数据不足以确定人类中是否存在与阿特拉津或三嗪的关联。对于这些癌症中的每一种，仅有一项或两项评估这种关系的研究，而且这些研究的结果通常并不精确。
