Prinsen M K, Romijn T, Snoeij N J
TNO Nutrition and Food Research Institute, Toxicology Division, The Netherlands.
Food Chem Toxicol. 1997 Sep;35(9):923-6. doi: 10.1016/s0278-6915(97)88939-9.
The guinea pig maximization test is one of the preferred test methods for the identification of skin sensitizers. The OECD/EC test guidelines allow for the conduct of a rechallenge in case doubtful reactions are obtained after challenge. The relevance of rechallenging was investigated by performing multiple challenges (up to four) in the maximization test with four well-known sensitizers of varying strength: nickel sulfate, sulfathiazole, benzocaine, and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene. In addition, the effect of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)-pretreatment during topical induction with weak sensitizers on rechallenging was investigated. In contrast to what has frequently been hypothesized, rechallenge did not result in an increase of skin reaction as compared with the reactions observed after the first treatment. SLS pretreatment was very effective in increasing the initial challenge response to weak sensitizers. Subsequent rechallenging in these cases however again showed a decrease in sensitivity of the animals.
豚鼠最大化试验是鉴定皮肤致敏剂的首选试验方法之一。经合组织/欧盟的试验指南允许在激发后获得可疑反应的情况下进行再激发。通过在最大化试验中使用四种强度不同的知名致敏剂（硫酸镍、磺胺噻唑、苯佐卡因和1-氯-2,4-二硝基苯）进行多次激发（最多四次），研究了再激发的相关性。此外，还研究了在用弱致敏剂进行局部诱导期间，月桂醇硫酸酯钠（SLS）预处理对再激发的影响。与经常假设的情况相反，与首次治疗后观察到的反应相比，再激发并未导致皮肤反应增加。SLS预处理在增加对弱致敏剂的初始激发反应方面非常有效。然而，在这些情况下随后的再激发再次显示动物的敏感性降低。
