Adherence to clinical guidelines for the therapeutic management of HIV disease.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the knowledge of HIV-disease management and the adherence to contemporary guidelines among British Columbia physicians whose practices focused on HIV/AIDS.

DESIGN

Self-administered mail survey.

PARTICIPANTS

All 659 physicians registered in a province-wide HIV/AIDS drug treatment program.

OUTCOME MEASURES

Data on demographic and personal characteristics of respondents, level of HIV-related experience, use of preventive vaccinations and tests, and preferred approaches to the prophylaxis and treatment of common opportunistic infections. Knowledge scores in 4 areas of patient care, as well as an overall score, were computed by comparing respondents' answers with the therapeutic strategies recommended at the time of the survey. Associations between physician characteristics and knowledge scores were identified by linear regression analysis.

RESULTS

Of the 659 physicians surveyed, 65% returned responses: only 38% returned completed surveys while a further 27% returned a follow-up survey that asked nonrespondents about their demographic characteristics and HIV-related experience. Scores for specific areas of patient management ranged from 29% for the treatment of opportunistic infections to 62% for preventive measures, with a mean overall score of 47%. Physician knowledge in all areas of patient care was associated with the number of HIV-positive patients in the practice (p = 0.003 to p < 0.001). Physicians who were younger were more knowledgeable regarding preventive measures (p = 0.001); those whose practice location was in Vancouver had a greater knowledge of prophylaxis (p = 0.047); and those who had medical specialty training were more knowledgeable about the treatment of opportunistic infections (p = 0.009).

CONCLUSIONS

There is substantial disparity in how physicians approach the management of HIV and related conditions. Deviations from therapeutic guidelines are common and may be associated with physician characteristics, particularly lack of experience in managing HIV.