Slowinski J B, Knight A, Rooney A P
Department of Biological Sciences, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond 70402, USA.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 1997 Dec;8(3):349-62. doi: 10.1006/mpev.1997.0434.
Toward the goal of recovering the phylogenetic relationships among elapid snakes, we separately found the shortest trees from the amino acid sequences for the venom proteins phospholipase A2 and the short neurotoxin, collectively representing 32 species in 16 genera. We then applied a method we term gene tree parsimony for inferring species trees from gene trees that works by finding the species tree which minimizes the number of deep coalescences or gene duplications plus unsampled sequences necessary to fit each gene tree to the species tree. This procedure, which is both logical and generally applicable, avoids many of the problems of previous approaches for inferring species trees from gene trees. The results support a division of the elapids examined into sister groups of the Australian and marine (laticaudines and hydrophiines) species, and the African and Asian species. Within the former clade, the sea snakes are shown to be diphyletic, with the laticaudines and hydrophiines having separate origins. This finding is corroborated by previous studies, which provide support for the usefulness of gene tree parsimony.
为了恢复眼镜蛇科蛇类之间的系统发育关系，我们分别从毒液蛋白磷脂酶A2和短神经毒素的氨基酸序列中找到了最短的树，这些序列总共代表了16个属中的32个物种。然后，我们应用了一种我们称之为基因树简约法的方法，从基因树中推断物种树，该方法通过找到使每个基因树与物种树拟合所需的深度合并或基因重复加未采样序列数量最小化的物种树来工作。这个过程既合乎逻辑又普遍适用，避免了以前从基因树推断物种树的方法中的许多问题。结果支持将所研究的眼镜蛇科分为澳大利亚和海洋（海蛇亚科和海蛇属）物种的姐妹群，以及非洲和亚洲物种。在前一个进化枝中，海蛇被证明是双系的，海蛇亚科和海蛇属有不同的起源。这一发现得到了先前研究的证实，这些研究为基因树简约法的有效性提供了支持。
