Kelchner S A, Clark L G
Department of Botany, Iowa State University, Ames 50011-1020, USA.
Mol Phylogenet Evol. 1997 Dec;8(3):385-97. doi: 10.1006/mpev.1997.0432.
Phylogenetic relationships within Chusquea, a diverse genus of neotropical woody bamboos, and among selected members of the Bambusoideae were explored using rpl16 intron sequence data from the chloroplast genome. Mechanisms of mutation, including slipped-strand mispairing, secondary structure, minute inversions, and base substitutions, were examined within the rpl16 intron, and their effects on sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis were investigated. Thirty-five bamboo sequences were generated and two separate matrices were analyzed using maximum parsimony. In the first, 23 sequences from Chusquea, 1 of Neurolepis, and 3 outgroups were included. Neurolepis was supported as sister to Chusquea, Chusquea was strongly supported as a monophyletic lineage, and three species of Chusquea subg. Rettbergia were resolved as the most basal clade within the genus. In the second analysis, 15 sequences, 14 from across the subfamily and 1 outgroup, were included. A Bambusoideae clade was recovered with the Olyreae/Parianeae (herbaceous bamboos) and the Bambuseae (woody bamboos) each supported as monophyletic. Two clades corresponding to temperate and tropical woody bamboos were derived within the Bambuseae and the tropical taxa were further split into New World and Old World clades. The rpl16 intron in bamboos was found to be susceptible to frequent length mutations of multiple origins, nonindependent character evolution, and regions of high mutability, all of which created difficulties in alignment and phylogenetic analysis; nonetheless the rpl16 intron is phylogenetically informative at the inter- and intrageneric levels in bamboos.
利用叶绿体基因组的rpl16内含子序列数据，探究了新热带木本竹类的一个多样化属——空竹属内的系统发育关系，以及竹亚科选定成员之间的系统发育关系。在rpl16内含子内研究了包括滑链错配、二级结构、微小倒位和碱基替换在内的突变机制，并研究了它们对序列比对和系统发育分析的影响。生成了35个竹序列，并使用最大简约法分析了两个单独的矩阵。在第一个矩阵中，包括23个空竹属序列、1个Neurolepis序列和3个外类群。Neurolepis被支持为空竹属的姐妹属，空竹属被强烈支持为单系谱系，空竹属亚属Rettbergia的三个物种被解析为该属内最基部的分支。在第二次分析中，包括15个序列，其中14个来自整个亚科，1个外类群。恢复了一个竹亚科分支，其中筱竹族/Parianeae族（草本竹类）和竹族（木本竹类）各自被支持为单系。在竹族内衍生出了两个分别对应温带和热带木本竹类的分支，热带类群进一步分为新世界和旧世界分支。发现竹子中的rpl16内含子容易发生多种起源的频繁长度突变、非独立性状进化和高变异性区域，所有这些都给比对和系统发育分析带来了困难；尽管如此，rpl16内含子在竹子的属间和属内水平上具有系统发育信息。
