Yonkers K A
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9070, USA.
J Clin Psychiatry. 1997;58 Suppl 14:4-10; discussion 11-3.
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder describes a subset of women who have severe premenstrual symptoms, including at least one mood symptom. It is included in DSM-IV under "Depressive Disorders Not Otherwise Specified." Criteria differentiating premenstrual dysphoric disorder from premenstrual syndrome are the requirements that patients have at least five symptoms, including one mood symptom; have impairment associated with the illness; and prospectively confirm the symptoms. After decades of treatment research on premenstrual dysphoria, the most consistent positive results have been found for selective antidepressants, primarily those that are active at serotonin receptors. Most studies have used continuous daily treatment for acute phase therapy. Further studies should define the role of intermittent and long-term maintenance therapies with these agents.
经前烦躁障碍描述的是一部分有严重经前症状的女性，这些症状包括至少一种情绪症状。它在《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版中被归入“未另行分类的抑郁障碍”。将经前烦躁障碍与经前综合征区分开来的标准是，患者至少有五种症状，包括一种情绪症状；存在与该疾病相关的功能损害；并且前瞻性地证实这些症状。在对经前烦躁进行了数十年的治疗研究之后，选择性抗抑郁药，主要是那些作用于5-羟色胺受体的药物，取得了最为一致的积极治疗效果。大多数研究在急性期治疗中采用了每日持续用药的方法。进一步的研究应该明确这些药物在间歇性和长期维持治疗中的作用。
