Vlahov D, Junge B, Brookmeyer R, Cohn S, Riley E, Armenian H, Beilenson P
Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1997 Dec 15;16(5):400-6. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199712150-00014.
To determine whether enrollment in the Baltimore Needle Exchange Program (NEP) was associated with short-term reduction in risky injection practices.
Demographic information was collected on NEP participants upon enrollment. A systematic sample of enrollees was interviewed at program entry, 2 weeks, and 6 months later on recent drug-related behaviors. Comparisons were performed using paired t-tests.
Among 221 NEP participants who completed baseline, 2-week and 6-month follow-up visits, significant reductions (p < .01) were reported in using a previously used syringe (21.6%, 11.0%, 7.8%, respectively), lending one's used syringe to a friend (26.7%, 18.4%, 12%, respectively), and several indirect sharing activities. Reductions were reported in the mean number of injections per syringe and the mean number of injections per day (p < .001).
These results show rapid and mostly large reductions in a variety of risky injection drug use behaviors. Study findings are consistent with earlier reports showing an association between behavioral risk reduction and participation in a needle exchange program.
确定参与巴尔的摩针头交换项目（NEP）是否与危险注射行为的短期减少有关。
在NEP参与者登记时收集其人口统计学信息。对登记参与者进行系统抽样，在项目开始时、2周后和6个月后就近期与毒品相关的行为进行访谈。使用配对t检验进行比较。
在221名完成基线、2周和6个月随访的NEP参与者中，报告显示在使用用过的注射器（分别为21.6%、11.0%、7.8%）、将用过的注射器借给朋友（分别为26.7%、18.4%、12%）以及一些间接共用活动方面有显著减少（p <.01）。报告显示每个注射器的平均注射次数和每天的平均注射次数有所减少（p <.001）。
这些结果表明，各种危险的注射吸毒行为迅速且大多大幅减少。研究结果与早期报告一致，即行为风险降低与参与针头交换项目之间存在关联。
