Hubloue I, Lauwaert I, Corne L
Emergency Department, University Hospital of the Free University of Brussels, Belgium.
Eur J Emerg Med. 1994 Sep;1(3):149-53.
Since the end of the nineteenth century adrenaline has been used for the treatment of cardiac arrest. Since the 1960s a standard 1 mg dose administered intravenously every 5 min is common practice in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Because of growing interest in the pharmacological aspects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, experimental studies in animals conducted in the 1980s suggested the use of higher doses of adrenaline. Several case reports of successfully resuscitated patients who had been given high dose adrenaline were published, but large, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials in humans found no statistically significant improvement in survival rates between high dose and standard dose resuscitated patients. It seems that 1 mg adrenaline given intravenously every 3-5 min during resuscitation for cardiac arrest remains the standard.
自19世纪末以来，肾上腺素一直用于治疗心脏骤停。自20世纪60年代起，在心肺复苏中每5分钟静脉注射1毫克标准剂量肾上腺素已成为常规做法。由于对心肺复苏药理学方面的兴趣日益浓厚，20世纪80年代在动物身上进行的实验研究表明可使用更高剂量的肾上腺素。有几例给予高剂量肾上腺素后成功复苏患者的病例报告发表，但针对人类的大型前瞻性随机对照临床试验发现，高剂量和标准剂量复苏患者的生存率在统计学上并无显著改善。在心脏骤停复苏期间每3 - 5分钟静脉注射1毫克肾上腺素似乎仍是标准做法。
