Pilkington G J, Bjerkvig R, De Ridder L, Kaaijk P
Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Psychiatry, London, U.K.
Anticancer Res. 1997 Nov-Dec;17(6B):4107-9.
Since it is difficult to study the dynamic biological aspects of brain tumour invasion using histological sections of surgical biopsy and autopsy tissues, various laboratory systems have been devised. Animal models are less than ideal as chemically-induced brain tumours suffer from the fact that they have a low incidence and a long latency, while transplanted tumours grow predominantly by expansion, due to high proliferative activity, and not by diffuse local invasion as in human brain tumours. Various in vitro assays have, therefore, been established for both migration and invasion. These include the simple scratch technique in a confluent cell monolayer, the use of cloning rings and the "Transwell" modified Boyden chamber technique. More complex, three-dimensional culture model systems have also been developed, using chick heart, optic nerve or reaggregated fetal brain as "targets" for the invasion of neoplastic glia. Each method has yielded important information on the mechanisms which underlie brain tumour invasion. Moreover, individual microenvironmental factors may be modulated in these laboratory systems to determine their influence on the migration/invasion process.
由于利用手术活检和尸检组织的组织学切片来研究脑肿瘤侵袭的动态生物学特性存在困难，因此人们设计了各种实验室系统。动物模型并不理想，因为化学诱导的脑肿瘤发病率低且潜伏期长，而移植肿瘤主要通过扩张生长，这是由于其增殖活性高，而非像人类脑肿瘤那样通过弥漫性局部侵袭生长。因此，针对迁移和侵袭建立了各种体外检测方法。这些方法包括在汇合细胞单层中进行的简单划痕技术、使用克隆环以及“Transwell”改良的博伊登室技术。还开发了更复杂的三维培养模型系统，使用鸡心脏、视神经或重新聚集的胎脑作为肿瘤性神经胶质细胞侵袭的“靶标”。每种方法都提供了关于脑肿瘤侵袭潜在机制的重要信息。此外，在这些实验室系统中可以调节各个微环境因素，以确定它们对迁移/侵袭过程的影响。
