Ochsner M
University of Basel, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Physics, Switzerland.
Arzneimittelforschung. 1997 Nov;47(11):1185-94.
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an innovative and attractive modality for the treatment of small and superficial tumours. PDT, as a multi-modality treatment procedure, needs both, a photosensitizer with distinct tumour selectivity and a powerful light source that matches the absorption spectrum of the photosensitizer. The purified haematoporphyrin derivative Photofrin is so far the only sensitizer approved for phase III/IV clinical trials. Major drawbacks of this product are: lack of chemical homogeneity, skin phototoxicity, unfavourable physicochemical properties and poor selectivity in terms of uptake and retention by tumour versus normal cells. Most second generation photosensitizers, including the phthalocyanines, show an increased photodynamic efficiency in the treatment of animal tumours and reduced phototoxic side effects. In 1997, there were more than half a dozen new sensitizers in or about to start clinical trials. To introduce the basic principles of photodynamic therapy, the current review article discusses in some more detail the treatment of endobronchial lung cancer, one of the leading indications of PDT. Moreover, a broad overview is given on the use of PDT for treatment of a wide variety of tumorous and nontumorous diseases, including new strategies for control of rheumatoid arthritis and application of PDT for extracorporeal bone marrow purging.
光动力疗法（PDT）是一种用于治疗小型浅表肿瘤的创新且有吸引力的方法。作为一种多模态治疗程序，PDT既需要具有独特肿瘤选择性的光敏剂，也需要与光敏剂吸收光谱相匹配的强大光源。纯化的血卟啉衍生物Photofrin是迄今为止唯一被批准用于III/IV期临床试验的光敏剂。该产品的主要缺点包括：缺乏化学均一性、皮肤光毒性、不良的物理化学性质以及在肿瘤细胞与正常细胞摄取和潴留方面的选择性较差。大多数第二代光敏剂，包括酞菁类，在动物肿瘤治疗中显示出更高的光动力效率，并减少了光毒性副作用。1997年，有六种以上的新型光敏剂正在或即将开始临床试验。为介绍光动力疗法的基本原理，本综述文章更详细地讨论了支气管内肺癌的治疗，这是PDT的主要适应症之一。此外，还广泛概述了PDT在治疗各种肿瘤性和非肿瘤性疾病中的应用，包括控制类风湿性关节炎的新策略以及PDT在体外骨髓净化中的应用。
