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百草枯实验性中毒猪的血液灌流治疗

Haemoperfusion treatment in pigs experimentally intoxicated by paraquat.

作者信息

Yang T S, Chang Y L, Yen C K

机构信息

Department of Applied Biology, Pig Research Institute Taiwan, ROC.

出版信息

Hum Exp Toxicol. 1997 Dec;16(12):709-15. doi: 10.1177/096032719701601203.

Abstract
  1. Because of their similarity in renal morphology and physiology to humans, domestic pigs (gilts, 70 kg) were bolus treated by intramuscular injection of 74, 17, and 6 mg kg-1 and by oral loading (70 mg kg-1 n = 4) of paraquat. The concentration peak of plasma paraquat was reached at 1.5 - 2.5 h. Renal clearance of paraquat rose to its maximum at 5-6 h after intoxication and then sharply decreased indicating renal failure. All the intoxicated pigs died. 2. An additional 10 gilts were also orally treated with 70 mg kg-1 paraquat but received haemoperfusion from 2 h post intoxication for either 2 h (n = 6) or 6 h (n = 4). The 2 h haemoperfusion resulted in a 5.1% toxin removal but failed to save any of six poisoned pigs. Prolonged 6 h haemoperfusion successfully rescued three out of four intoxicated pigs. 3. The plasma paraquat concentrations of the three surviving pigs were above 2 mg l-1 at 10 h post intoxication. This level is not only similar to those of untreated animals that died later, but also well beyond the suggested limit for survival of poisoned patients. 4. Pigs proved to be a good animal model for studies in paraquat poisoning and/or haemoperfusion. It is also suggested that early haemoperfusion is effective in treating paraquat poisoning even in very severe cases due to its possible detoxicating effect in addition to toxin removal.
摘要
  1. 由于家猪(70千克的小母猪)在肾脏形态和生理方面与人类相似,通过肌肉注射74、17和6毫克/千克进行大剂量给药,并通过口服(70毫克/千克,n = 4)百草枯。血浆百草枯浓度峰值在1.5 - 2.5小时达到。百草枯的肾脏清除率在中毒后5 - 6小时升至最高,然后急剧下降,表明肾衰竭。所有中毒的猪均死亡。2. 另外10头小母猪也口服70毫克/千克百草枯,但在中毒后2小时开始进行血液灌流,持续2小时(n = 6)或6小时(n = 4)。2小时的血液灌流使毒素清除率达到5.1%,但未能挽救6头中毒猪中的任何一头。延长至6小时的血液灌流成功挽救了4头中毒猪中的3头。3. 3头存活猪在中毒后10小时的血浆百草枯浓度高于2毫克/升。这个水平不仅与后来死亡的未治疗动物相似,而且远远超过了中毒患者存活的建议限度。4. 猪被证明是百草枯中毒和/或血液灌流研究的良好动物模型。还表明,早期血液灌流即使在非常严重的病例中对治疗百草枯中毒也是有效的,因为除了毒素清除外,它可能还有解毒作用。

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