Dyson J, Cobb M, Forman D
University of Derby, England.
J Adv Nurs. 1997 Dec;26(6):1183-8.
This paper presents a literature review in relation to the meaning of spirituality. It is proposed that meeting the spiritual needs of patients is a fundamental part of providing holistic nursing care, but that the assessment and meeting of those needs is impeded by inadequate definitions and conceptual frameworks. It should not be assumed that spirituality is either synonymous, or coterminous, with religion, and it is suggested that to adopt this restrictive view is unhelpful in the provision of individualized care. Reflection on the literature reveals that the self, others and 'God' provide the key elements within a definition of spirituality, and that other emerging themes namely meaning, hope, relatedness/connectedness, beliefs/belief systems and expressions of spirituality, can be articulated in the context of those three key elements. In particular, it is proposed that the nature of 'God' may take many forms and, essentially, is whatever an individual takes to be of highest value in his/her life. It is suggested that the themes emerging from the literature can be utilized as a framework to give practitioners and researchers a direction for future exploration of the concept of spirituality.
本文呈现了一篇关于灵性意义的文献综述。有人提出，满足患者的精神需求是提供整体护理的基本组成部分，但对这些需求的评估和满足受到定义和概念框架不足的阻碍。不应假定灵性与宗教同义或等同，有人认为采用这种狭隘观点不利于提供个性化护理。对文献的思考表明，自我、他人和“上帝”构成了灵性定义中的关键要素，并且其他新出现的主题，即意义、希望、关联性/联系、信仰/信仰体系以及灵性的表达，可以在这三个关键要素的背景下进行阐述。特别是，有人提出“上帝”的本质可能有多种形式，本质上就是一个人在其生活中视为最有价值的东西。有人认为，从文献中浮现出的这些主题可以用作一个框架，为从业者和研究人员未来探索灵性概念提供方向。
