Expression of CD14 corrects the slow response to lipopolysaccharide in the 1B8 mutant of the B cell lymphoma 70Z/3.

B cells and macrophages both activate NF-kappaB/Rel in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), but differ in sensitivity to LPS and in downstream genes that are activated. CD14 is a high-affinity receptor for LPS found on macrophages, but not B cells. We expressed human CD14 (hCD14) in the mouse B lymphoma, 70Z/3, and a mutant, 1B8, which responds slowly to LPS, to test whether expression of hCD14 could correct or bypass the defect in 1B8 cells. We compared the timing and extent of known responses to LPS in 70Z/3 cells and the 1B8 mutants. The hCD14+ 1B8 and 70Z/3 cells responded more rapidly and were sensitive to 100-fold lower levels of LPS than their untransfected counterparts. Degradation of the IkappaB-alpha and -beta molecules and translocation of the NF-kappaB/Rel complexes into the nucleus were more rapid and the steady-state levels of Igk mRNA and mIgM on the cell surface were markedly increased in cells that expressed hCD14. The LPS response of the hCD14+ 1B8 and 70Z/3 cells showed subtle differences. In the 1B8 hCD14 cells, the p50/p50 complexes were never abundant in nuclear extracts, and degradation of IkappaB-beta was slower than in hCD14 70Z/3 cells. This partial correction of the 1B8 phenotype suggests that the defective component in 1B8 participates in the CD14 signaling pathway and could include the B-cell LPS receptor itself.