Fernández A R, Fretes R, Rubiales S, Lacuara J L, Paglini-Oliva P
Cátedra de Física Biomédica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Argentina.
Medicina (B Aires). 1997;57(1):59-63.
Promethazine is currently used for its antipsychotic and ansiolytic effects. It is a phenothiazine with anticalmodulin action, not toxic for human beings at therapeutic doses. The present results show that promethazine has trypanocidal effect on both epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of T. cruzi; two hundred microM inhibited epimastigote growth in culture medium and 2 microM immobilized and killed bloodstream trypomastigotes. When promethazine (55 mg/Kg/day) was used as treatment of T. cruzi infected mice, it proved effective in reducing parasitemia and it increased the survival of treated animals. Ultrastructural studies suggest that the lethal effect of this phenothiazine is related to a detergent effect that disrupts T. cruzi cell membrane.
异丙嗪目前因其抗精神病和抗焦虑作用而被使用。它是一种具有抗钙调蛋白作用的吩噻嗪，在治疗剂量下对人类无毒。目前的结果表明，异丙嗪对克氏锥虫的前鞭毛体和锥鞭毛体阶段均有杀锥虫作用；200微摩尔可抑制培养基中前鞭毛体的生长，2微摩尔可使血流中的锥鞭毛体固定并杀死。当使用异丙嗪（55毫克/千克/天）治疗感染克氏锥虫的小鼠时，它被证明可有效降低寄生虫血症，并提高治疗动物的存活率。超微结构研究表明，这种吩噻嗪的致死作用与破坏克氏锥虫细胞膜的去污剂作用有关。
