Ratakonda S, Gorman J M, Yale S A, Amador X F
Department of Clinical Psychobiology, New York State Psychiatric Institute, NY, USA.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998 Jan;55(1):75-81. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.55.1.75.
Previous factor analytic studies of patients with schizophrenia have consistently demonstrated the presence of 3 psychopathological domains labeled positive, negative, and disorganized. This study examined whether similar domains can be seen in disorders other than schizophrenia, and the degree to which such domains are independent of diagnostic categorization.
Data from the Diagnostic and Statistical manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) field trial involving 221 patients with schizophrenia and 189 patients with nonschizophrenia diagnoses were factor analyzed to study the nature of psychopathological domains in the 2 groups. Differential associations between each domain and selected clinical variables were assessed.
Factor analysis yielded a similar 3-factor model of positive, negative, and disorganization domains for patients with schizophrenia as well as other diagnoses. Differential associations found between individual domains and clinical variables (premorbid functioning and negative domain; absence of remissions and disorganization domain) were similar in both schizophrenia and nonschizophrenia groups.
The 3 psychopathological domains previously described in schizophrenia are not specific for that diagnosis. Differential associations found between individual domains and clinical variables were not limited by diagnostic categorization. The results suggest that these domains are not unique to schizophrenia and may each correspond to a discrete pathophysiologic condition.
先前对精神分裂症患者的因素分析研究一致表明存在3个心理病理学领域，分别标记为阳性、阴性和紊乱性。本研究调查了除精神分裂症之外的其他疾病中是否能观察到类似的领域，以及这些领域在多大程度上独立于诊断分类。
对《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）现场试验中的数据进行因素分析，该试验涉及221例精神分裂症患者和189例非精神分裂症诊断患者，以研究两组中心理病理学领域的性质。评估了每个领域与选定临床变量之间的差异关联。
因素分析得出，精神分裂症患者以及其他诊断患者的阳性、阴性和紊乱性领域具有相似的三因素模型。在精神分裂症组和非精神分裂症组中，各个领域与临床变量（病前功能与阴性领域；无缓解与紊乱性领域）之间发现的差异关联相似。
先前在精神分裂症中描述的3个心理病理学领域并非该诊断所特有。各个领域与临床变量之间发现的差异关联不受诊断分类的限制。结果表明，这些领域并非精神分裂症所独有，可能每个领域都对应一种离散的病理生理状况。
