Kulkarni P M, Tripathi R C, Michalek J E
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of South Alabama, Mobile 36688-0002, USA.
Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Jan 1;147(1):83-6. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009371.
The authors present algorithms to compute the confidence interval for a Poisson parameter (lambda) and the p value for testing the hypothesis that lambda is equal to a constant, which can be used to make inferences about the standardized mortality ratio and the standardized incidence ratio. The p value and confidence interval always agree, despite the discrete nature of the Poisson distribution. The authors also give simple equations to compute numeric approximations of the confidence limits that do not require the use of any probability distributions. An example based on data arising from a study of cancer incidence is given.
作者提出了用于计算泊松参数（λ）置信区间以及用于检验λ等于某一常数这一假设的p值的算法，这些算法可用于对标准化死亡率和标准化发病率进行推断。尽管泊松分布具有离散性，但p值和置信区间始终一致。作者还给出了简单方程来计算置信限的数值近似值，这些计算无需使用任何概率分布。文中给出了一个基于癌症发病率研究数据的示例。
