Pelvic ultrasound scanning of the ovaries in adolescent anorectic patients at low weight and after weight recovery.

In sixteen adolescent anorectic inpatients with secondary amenorrhea pelvic ultrasound examination of the ovaries was performed at lowest weight and after weight recovery. The outcome was assessed six months later at follow-up, assigning the patients to the categories of good, intermediate and poor outcome according to the modified Morgan and Russell criteria. At lowest weight all patients' ovaries were smaller than expected for age. After weight recovery the good outcome group had mature and fully developed ovaries whereas the ovarian morphology of patients with poor outcome remained prepubertal. The ovarian volume in the good outcome group was significantly higher than in the poor outcome group. From a threshold BMI of 17.8 upwards we observed a positive linear correlation between BMI and ovarian volume. At BMI 18 the probability for recovered ovaries was 53% rising to 82% at BMI 19.8, which was the highest noting in our study. Nevertheless, we could not find a clear cut-off BMI for definite prediction of recovered ovaries. Therefore, in patients with anorexia nervosa pelvic ultrasound is a very suitable method for determining the target weight required for recovery of ovarian function and resumption of menses. Normalized ovaries indicate favourable outcome and physical recovery.