Petterson I L, Arnetz B
National Institute for Psychosocial Factors and Health, Sweden.
Vard Nord Utveckl Forsk. 1997;17(1):4-10. doi: 10.1177/205715859701700102.
Changes due to reorganization of Swedish health care would have greater impact if the measures taken were strongly supported by the occupational groups involved. In a representative study of Swedish nurses, 90% considered psychosocial issues of great importance to their work environment. No differences were found between male and female nurses. 78% of the physicians in a large hospital study stated that their psychosocial work environment could be improved. Responses to an open-ended question to nurses and physicians showed differences in prioritized suggestions for an improved psychosocial work environment. Work climate, work load, competence development and organization appeared as the most important areas of changes to both nurses and physicians. Almost 40% of the total responses from the nurses compared to 20% from the physicians had to do with work climate interventions. Increased feedback and information, better means of communication and group relations were mentioned. Work load had higher priority according to the physicians. Other potential interventions were organizational issues like management, clarity of goals as well as competence development. In particular, there was a need for supervision and new competence in coping with critical incidents.
如果所采取的措施得到相关职业群体的大力支持，那么瑞典医疗保健重组带来的变化将产生更大影响。在一项针对瑞典护士的代表性研究中，90%的护士认为社会心理问题对其工作环境至关重要。男女护士之间未发现差异。在一项大型医院研究中，78%的医生表示他们的社会心理工作环境可以得到改善。对护士和医生的一个开放式问题的回答显示，在改善社会心理工作环境的优先建议方面存在差异。工作氛围、工作量、能力发展和组织似乎是护士和医生都认为最重要的变革领域。护士的总回复中近40%与工作氛围干预有关，而医生的这一比例为20%。他们提到了增加反馈和信息、改善沟通方式和群体关系。医生认为工作量具有更高优先级。其他潜在干预措施是组织问题，如管理、目标清晰度以及能力发展。特别是，在应对重大事件方面需要监督和新的能力。
