Poinar G, Poinar R
Department of Entomology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331, USA.
Annu Rev Entomol. 1998;43:449-69. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ento.43.1.449.
Mites are an ancient group of arachnids that have had some 400 million years to adapt to a variety of conditions on Earth. Microorganisms have had the same amount of time to form symbiotic relationships with mites, with results ranging from phoresy to parasitism. This review covers the still fragmentary information on the groups of parasites and pathogens that are associated with mites. The known mite-associated bacteria, rickettsiae, fungi, Protozoa, viruses, and nematodes represent the tip of the iceberg, and few details of their host-parasite relationships have been recorded. Mites offer an opportunity to investigate new pathogens and new types of associations. Pathogens can be a boon when they affect mites that are detrimental to crops, livestock, or ourselves, and the diseases they cause probably play an important role in controlling mites, at least under certain conditions. However, pathogens can also cause crop failure and economic loss when they occur in biological control agents of pests.
螨类是一类古老的蛛形纲动物，它们大约有4亿年的时间来适应地球上的各种环境。微生物也有同样长的时间与螨类形成共生关系，其结果从携带到寄生不等。这篇综述涵盖了与螨类相关的寄生虫和病原体群体的仍不完整的信息。已知的与螨类相关的细菌、立克次氏体、真菌、原生动物、病毒和线虫只是冰山一角，它们宿主-寄生虫关系的细节鲜有记录。螨类为研究新病原体和新型关联提供了机会。当病原体影响对作物、牲畜或我们自身有害的螨类时，它们可能是有益的，并且它们所引起的疾病可能至少在某些条件下对控制螨类起着重要作用。然而，当病原体出现在害虫的生物防治剂中时，它们也会导致作物歉收和经济损失。
