Batts K B, Glorioso J E, Williams M S
Department of Family Practice and Community Medicine, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, HI 96859-5000, USA.
Clin J Sport Med. 1998 Jan;8(1):22-5. doi: 10.1097/00042752-199801000-00006.
To identify the most common injuries and medical conditions experienced by the mentally handicapped athlete during Special Olympic competition.
A longitudinal, observational, and prospective study.
Hawaii Special Olympic Summer Games, 1993-1996.
A total of 2326 athletic participants were registered during a 4-year period in the Hawaii Special Olympic Summer Games. The athletes ranged in age from 8 to 76 years.
Medical encounter forms were documented by physicians and nurses on participants treated at aid stations located at the athletic venues and Olympic village during competition.
The number and type of injuries and medical conditions encountered during Special Olympic competition were recorded on standard medical forms supplied by the U.S. Special Olympic Committee.
Ninety athletes (3.87%) required medical attention during four annual Special Olympic Summer Games. A total of 52 (57.8%) injuries and 38 (42.2%) medical conditions were reported during the 4 years. Of the 90 encounters, 86.7% (n = 78) were acute and 13.3% (n = 12) were nonacute medical problems. More than 61% (n = 55) of the injuries and medical conditions occurred during actual competition. The majority of injuries occurred during track and field events (n = 25, 56%), and the most commonly injured site was the knee.
Despite preexisting medical conditions and physical limitations of the Special Olympian, most of the medical demands encountered during athletic competition are acute, minor injuries. No athlete sustained more than one injury during the period studied.
确定智障运动员在特奥会比赛期间最常见的损伤和疾病情况。
一项纵向、观察性前瞻性研究。
1993 - 1996年夏威夷特奥会夏季运动会。
在夏威夷特奥会夏季运动会的4年期间，共有2326名运动员注册参赛。运动员年龄在8岁至76岁之间。
医生和护士在比赛期间对位于运动场馆和奥运村急救站接受治疗的参与者的医疗会诊表格进行记录。
在美国特奥会委员会提供的标准医疗表格上记录特奥会比赛期间遇到的损伤和疾病的数量及类型。
在四届年度特奥会夏季运动会期间，90名运动员（3.87%）需要医疗护理。4年期间共报告了52例（57.8%）损伤和38例（42.2%）疾病。在90次会诊中，86.7%（n = 78）为急性问题，13.3%（n = 12）为非急性医疗问题。超过61%（n = 55）的损伤和疾病发生在实际比赛期间。大多数损伤发生在田径项目中（n = 25，56%），最常受伤的部位是膝盖。
尽管特奥会运动员存在既往疾病和身体限制，但在体育比赛期间遇到的大多数医疗需求是急性、轻伤。在所研究的期间内，没有运动员遭受超过一次的损伤。
