FIFA Medical Assessment and Research Centre (F-MARC), Zurich, Switzerland.
Am J Sports Med. 2009 Nov;37(11):2165-72. doi: 10.1177/0363546509339357. Epub 2009 Sep 25.
Standardized assessment of sports injuries provides important epidemiological information and also directions for injury prevention.
To analyze the frequency, characteristics, and causes of injuries incurred during the Summer Olympic Games 2008.
Descriptive epidemiology study.
The chief physicians and/or chief medical officers of the national teams were asked to report daily all injuries newly incurred during the Olympic Games on a standardized injury report form. In addition, injuries were reported daily by the physicians at the medical stations at the different Olympic venues and at the polyclinic in the Olympic Village.
Physicians and/or therapists of 92 national teams covering 88% of the 10,977 registered athletes took part in the study. In total, 1055 injuries were reported, resulting in an incidence of 96.1 injuries per 1000 registered athletes. Half of the injuries (49.6%) were expected to prevent the athlete from participating in competition or training. The most prevalent diagnoses were ankle sprains and thigh strains. The majority (72.5%) of injuries were incurred in competition. One third of the injuries were caused by contact with another athlete, followed by overuse (22%) and noncontact incidences (20%). Injuries were reported from all sports, but their incidence and characteristics varied substantially. In relation to the number of registered athletes, the risk of incurring an injury was highest in soccer, taekwondo, hockey, handball, weightlifting, and boxing (all >or=15% of the athletes) and lowest for sailing, canoeing/kayaking, rowing, synchronized swimming, diving, fencing, and swimming.
The data indicate that the injury surveillance system covered almost all of the participating athletes, and the results highlight areas of high risk for sport injury such as the in-competition period, the ankle and thigh, and specific sports. The identification of these factors should stimulate future research and subsequent policy change to prevent injury in elite athletes.
标准化的运动损伤评估提供了重要的流行病学信息，也为损伤预防指明了方向。
分析 2008 年夏季奥运会期间运动损伤的发生频率、特征和原因。
描述性流行病学研究。
要求国家队的队医或首席医疗官使用标准化的损伤报告表，每天报告奥运会期间新发生的所有损伤。此外，在不同的奥运场馆医疗站和奥运村综合诊所的医生也会每天报告损伤情况。
共有 92 个国家的队医和/或治疗师参与了研究，涵盖了注册的 10977 名运动员中的 88%。共报告了 1055 例损伤，发生率为每 1000 名注册运动员 96.1 例。其中一半的损伤（49.6%）预计会使运动员无法参加比赛或训练。最常见的诊断是踝关节扭伤和大腿拉伤。大多数（72.5%）损伤发生在比赛中。三分之一的损伤是由与其他运动员接触引起的，其次是过度使用（22%）和非接触性损伤（20%）。所有运动项目都有损伤报告，但损伤的发生率和特征差异很大。与注册运动员人数相比，足球、跆拳道、曲棍球、手球、举重和拳击（所有项目运动员的受伤率都超过 15%）的受伤风险最高，帆船、皮划艇/赛艇、赛艇、花样游泳、跳水、击剑和游泳的受伤风险最低。
数据表明，该损伤监测系统几乎涵盖了所有参赛运动员，结果突出了运动损伤的高风险领域，如比赛期间、踝关节和大腿以及特定运动项目。这些因素的确定应激发未来对精英运动员损伤预防的研究和后续政策变化。
