Ward D S, Trost S G, Felton G, Saunders R, Parsons M A, Dowda M, Pate R R
Department of Exercise Science, College of Nursing, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
Obes Res. 1997 Nov;5(6):572-7. doi: 10.1002/j.1550-8528.1997.tb00578.x.
Lack of physical activity and low levels of physical fitness are thought to be contributing factors to the high prevalence of obesity in African-American girls. To examine this hypothesis, we compared habitual physical activity and physical fitness in 54 African-American girls with obesity and 96 African-American girls without obesity residing in rural South Carolina. Participation in vigorous (> or = 6 METs) (VPA) or moderate and vigorous physical activity (> or = 4 METs) (MVPA) was assessed on three consecutive days using the Previous Day Physical Activity Recall. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using the PWC 170 cycle ergometer test. Upper body strength was determined at two sites via isometric cable tensiometer tests. Relative to their counterparts without obesity, girls with obesity reported significantly fewer 30-minute blocks of VPA (0.90 +/- 0.14 vs. 1.3 +/- 0.14) and MVPA (1.2 +/- 0.18 vs. 1.7 +/- 0.16) (p < 0.01). Within the entire sample, VPA and MVPA were inversely associated with body mass index (r = -0.17 and r = -0.19) and triceps skinfold thickness (r = -0.19 and r = -0.22) (p < 0.05). In the PWC 170 test and isometric strength tests, girls with obesity demonstrated absolute scores that were similar to, or greater than, those of girls without obesity; however, when scores were expressed relative to bodyweight, girls with obesity demonstrated significantly lower values (p < 0.05). The results support the hypothesis that lack of physical activity and low physical fitness are important contributing factors in the development and/or maintenance of obesity in African-American girls.
缺乏体育活动和低水平的身体素质被认为是导致非裔美国女孩肥胖率高的因素。为了检验这一假设，我们比较了居住在南卡罗来纳州农村的54名肥胖非裔美国女孩和96名非肥胖非裔美国女孩的日常体育活动和身体素质。连续三天使用前一天体育活动回忆法评估剧烈运动（≥6梅脱）（VPA）或中度和剧烈体育活动（≥4梅脱）（MVPA）的参与情况。使用PWC 170自行车测力计测试评估心肺适能。通过等长电缆张力计测试在两个部位测定上肢力量。与非肥胖的同龄人相比，肥胖女孩报告的30分钟VPA时间段（0.90±0.14对1.3±0.14）和MVPA时间段（1.2±0.18对1.7±0.16）明显更少（p<0.01）。在整个样本中，VPA和MVPA与体重指数（r=-0.17和r=-0.19）以及肱三头肌皮褶厚度（r=-0.19和r=-0.22）呈负相关（p<0.05）。在PWC 170测试和等长力量测试中，肥胖女孩的绝对分数与非肥胖女孩相似或更高；然而，当分数以体重为参照表示时，肥胖女孩的分数明显更低（p<0.05）。结果支持了以下假设，即缺乏体育活动和低身体素质是非裔美国女孩肥胖发展和/或维持的重要促成因素。
