Gluhoski V L, Fishman B, Perry S W
New York State Psychiatric Institute, Unit 13, New York, NY 10032, USA.
AIDS Educ Prev. 1997 Dec;9(6):521-31.
The effect of experiencing multiple close losses on a variety of psychological symptoms was examined in a sample of HIV positive and HIV negative gay men over 1 year. Symptoms assessed included depression, intrusive and avoidant thoughts and images, anxiety, and general distress. It was found that on average, experiencing two or more losses in the year prior to the initial interview was associated with significantly higher levels of distress in follow-up assessment over 1 year. Comparisons between subjects with two or fewer losses versus three or more losses produced the largest differences in emotional symptoms. HIV positive subjects showed higher levels of distress symptoms on all measures, except for intrusive and avoidant thoughts and images. These findings indicate that the experience of multiple close losses, which is rather common among HIV-infected gay men, chronically exacerbates their emotional distress.
在一年时间里，对一组HIV阳性和HIV阴性男同性恋者进行研究，以考察经历多次亲密关系中的丧失对各种心理症状的影响。评估的症状包括抑郁、侵入性和回避性思维及意象、焦虑和一般痛苦。结果发现，平均而言，在初次访谈前一年中经历两次或更多次丧失与随访评估中一年以上的显著更高痛苦水平相关。在经历两次或更少丧失的受试者与三次或更多丧失的受试者之间进行比较，在情绪症状方面产生了最大差异。除了侵入性和回避性思维及意象外，HIV阳性受试者在所有测量指标上都表现出更高水平的痛苦症状。这些发现表明，多次亲密关系中的丧失经历在感染HIV的男同性恋者中相当常见，会长期加剧他们的情绪困扰。
