Buchanan K L, Murphy J W
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, USA.
Emerg Infect Dis. 1998 Jan-Mar;4(1):71-83. doi: 10.3201/eid0401.980109.
Life-threatening infections caused by the encapsulated fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans have been increasing steadily over the past 10 years because of the onset of AIDS and the expanded use of immunosuppressive drugs. Intricate host-organism interactions make the full understanding of pathogenicity and virulence of C. neoformans difficult. We discuss the current knowledge of the characteristics C. neoformans must possess to enter the host and establish progressive disease: basic growth requirements and virulence factors, such as the polysaccharide capsule; shed products of the organism; melanin production; mannitol secretion; superoxide dismutase; proteases; and phospholipases.
在过去十年中,由于艾滋病的出现以及免疫抑制药物使用的增加,由包膜真菌病原体新型隐球菌引起的危及生命的感染一直在稳步上升。复杂的宿主 - 病原体相互作用使得全面了解新型隐球菌的致病性和毒力变得困难。我们讨论了新型隐球菌进入宿主并引发进行性疾病必须具备的特征的当前知识:基本生长需求和毒力因子,如多糖荚膜;病原体的脱落产物;黑色素生成;甘露醇分泌;超氧化物歧化酶;蛋白酶;以及磷脂酶。