Landmark K
Institutt for farmakoterapi, Oslo.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1997 Dec 10;117(30):4432-6.
This year acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) celebrates its 100-year anniversary. While the drug was previously used mainly as an antipyretic and a pain-killer, aspirin has, during the last 10-15 years, become one of the most important agents in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In addition to being one of our oldest drugs, aspirin is one of the most interesting and widely used remedies. The antithrombotic property of aspirin is mainly related to its irreversible inhibition of the production of platelet-derived thromboxane A2, which possesses aggregatory and vasoconstrictive properties. Aspirin reduces the risk in patients with overt cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, i.e. chronic stable and unstable angina pectoris. It also reduces the risk in the acute phase of and following a myocardial infarction and after a transient ischemic attack or stroke. The use of the drug is controversial in primary cardiovascular prevention. Overall mortality is not reduced, and side-effects, such as increased bleeding tendency, may be serious. This side-effect is dose-dependent, and smaller doses (75-160 mg) which have the same effect as higher doses should be preferred.
今年，乙酰水杨酸（阿司匹林）迎来了其问世100周年。尽管该药物此前主要用作退烧药和止痛药，但在过去10至15年里，阿司匹林已成为治疗心脑血管疾病最重要的药物之一。阿司匹林不仅是我们最古老的药物之一，也是最有趣且使用最广泛的药物之一。阿司匹林的抗血栓特性主要与其对血小板衍生血栓素A2生成的不可逆抑制有关，血栓素A2具有聚集和血管收缩特性。阿司匹林可降低患有明显心脑血管疾病患者的风险，即慢性稳定型和不稳定型心绞痛患者。它还能降低心肌梗死急性期及之后、短暂性脑缺血发作或中风后的风险。在心血管疾病一级预防中，该药物的使用存在争议。总体死亡率并未降低，而且诸如出血倾向增加等副作用可能很严重。这种副作用具有剂量依赖性，应首选与高剂量效果相同的较小剂量（75 - 160毫克）。
