Potter R H, Nance W E, Yu P L, Davis W B
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1976 May;44(3):397-412. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330440304.
To demonstrate the presence of independent genetic determinants of multiple correlated tooth dimensions from twin data, a multivariate analysis was performed on the covariance matrices of monozygotic and dizygotic within-pair differences for mesiodistal and buccolingual dimensions of 28 teeth of the secondary dentition. The results provided strong evidences that the correlation among tooth dimensions is primarily genetic in origin, probably attributable to the pleiotropic action of either independent genes or groups of genes. Among the genetic factors that were identified, one appeared to affect the maxillary teeth in general while a second influenced primarily the anterior mandibular teeth. There was a striking tendency for homologous measurements on the right and left sides to be associated with the same genetic factor. In contrast, genetic determination of the maxillary and mandibular dentition seemed to be independent of each other, and a wider range of genetic factors were found to influence the mandibular than the maxillary teeth, suggesting that a differential degree of evolutionary stability may have been achieved in the teeth of the two jaws.
为了从双胞胎数据中证明多个相关牙齿尺寸存在独立的遗传决定因素，对恒牙列28颗牙齿的近远中径和颊舌径的同卵双生子和异卵双生子对内差异的协方差矩阵进行了多变量分析。结果提供了强有力的证据，表明牙齿尺寸之间的相关性主要源于遗传，可能归因于单个基因或基因组合的多效性作用。在已确定的遗传因素中，一个似乎总体上影响上颌牙齿，而另一个主要影响下颌前牙。左右两侧的同源测量值与同一遗传因素相关的趋势非常明显。相比之下，上颌和下颌牙列的遗传决定似乎相互独立，并且发现影响下颌牙齿的遗传因素范围比上颌牙齿更广，这表明上下颌牙齿可能已经达到了不同程度的进化稳定性。
